Lefapheng la kaho ea litsela, li-granule tsa rabara li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa le e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka ho fetoleng asphalt le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso e felletseng ea litsela. Ha li kopantsoe ka ho lekana le bitumen, li-granule tsa rabara ha li ntlafatse feela ho tenyetseha le ho hanyetsa ho fetoha ha metsoako ea asphalt haholo empa hape li ntlafatsa bokhoni ba metsoako ba ho mamella meroalo e pheta-phetoang ea likoloi, ka hona li fokotsa ho hlaha ha li-rut, ho petsoha le likoti tlas'a liphetoho tse matla tsa mocheso - ebang ke ho baka mocheso o phahameng lehlabula kapa ho bata mocheso o tlase mariha. Asphalt e fetotsoeng joalo e boetse e bontša ho hanyetsa mokhathala ho phahameng le ho hanyetsa tšenyo ea metsi, e leng se ka atolosang bophelo bohle ba ts'ebeletso ea libaka tsa litsela ka 30% ho isa ho 50% ha ho bapisoa le litsela tsa setso tsa asphalt. Liteko tse kholo tsa morao tjena mererong ea ho koala litsela tsa mahaeng libakeng tse ngata li bontšitse hore ho kenyelletsa li-granule tsa rabara e le lintho tse nkang sebaka sa lintho tse ling ha ho fokotse feela tšebeliso ea lintho tsa tlhaho empa hape ho fokotsa litlhoko tsa tlhokomelo le ho felisa mosi oa lerōle ka katleho, ho tlisa melemo e sebetsang le e bonahalang maetong a baahi ba moo le bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Ho lokisoa ha asphalt ea rabara ho hloka taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso oa ho kopanya, nako ea ho kopanya, le maemo a mang a bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore li-granule tsa rabara li hasana ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ka har'a matrix ea bitumen, ka hona ho eketsa litlamorao tsa tsona tse ntlafatsang ts'ebetso le ho qoba ho kopana ha libaka tse ka amang boleng ba tsela.

Libaka tsa lipapali le boikhathollo li emela sebaka se seng se seholo le se holang ka potlako sa tšebeliso ea li-granule tsa rabara. E le thepa ea mantlha ea ho tlatsa joang ba maiketsetso, li-granule tsa rabara li tlatsa likheo lipakeng tsa likhoele tsa joang ba maiketsetso, li fana ka libaka tsa ho bapala tse bonolo, tse monyang tšisinyeho le tse thibelang ho thella. Sena ha se ntlafatse polokeho ea baatlelete nakong ea lipapali—e leng se fokotsang kotsi ea ho oa le likotsi ka katleho—empa hape se ntlafatsa boiphihlelo bohle ba ho bapala ka ho etsisa maikutlo a joang ba tlhaho. Li-granule tsa rabara tse mebala, tse sebetsoang ka ho eketsa mebala e sireletsang tikoloho nakong ea tlhahiso 'me li fumaneha ka mebala e fapaneng e hlakileng joalo ka botala, bofubelu, boputsoa le bosehla, li sebelisoa haholo kahong ea lipalamo tsa ho matha, mabala a bolo ea maoto, mabala a tenese le mabala a lipapali a bana. Li-granule tsena tsa rabara tse mebala ha li fihlelle feela litlhoko tsa botle le tse sebetsang tsa karohano ea libaka tsa lipapali empa hape li na le thepa e ntle joalo ka ho hanyetsa ho tsofala, tšireletso ea UV, ho lieha ha mollo, le ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo, ho netefatsa hore 'mala le ts'ebetso ea sebaka sa sebaka li lula li tsitsitse nako e telele. Li-granule tsa rabara tsa EPDM, mofuta o itseng oa li-granule tsa rabara tsa maiketsetso tse sebetsang hantle, li ratoa haholo libakeng tsa lipapali tsa litsebi ka lebaka la khanyetso ea tsona e ikhethang ea oxidation, khanyetso ea ozone, le ho tenyetseha ha mocheso o tlase. Esita le tlas'a maemo a thata a tikoloho joalo ka mahlaseli a matla a ultraviolet, pula e ngata, le liphapang tse kholo tsa mocheso, li-granule tsa rabara tsa EPDM li ka boloka botsitso ba sebopeho sa tsona le botsitso ba ts'ebetso, ho netefatsa ho tšoarella ha libaka tsa lipapali nako e telele.

Mahlale a tlhahiso ea li-granule tsa rabara a ntse a tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa le ho fetoha, ka ho sila ka 'mele le ho hoamisa ka mocheso o tlase e le mekhoa e meholo indastering. Theknoloji ea ho sila ka 'mele, eo hangata e kenyelletsang lits'ebetso tse kang ho pshatla mabili, karohano ea terata ea tšepe, le granulation, e sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e butsoitseng le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa tlhahiso. Leha ho le joalo, e ka baka ho tsofala ha rabara ka lebaka la mocheso oa khohlano o hlahisoang nakong ea ho sila. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, theknoloji ea ho sila ka mocheso o tlase e sebelisa naetrojene e metsi ho pholisa rabara e litšila kapele ho ea boemong ba ho tetebela, ebe e e silakanya hore e be li-granule. Mokhoa ona o fokotsa ho tsofala ha rabara nakong ea ts'ebetso, o hlahisa li-granule tse nang le libopeho tse tloaelehileng, boholo ba likaroloana tse tšoanang, le libaka tse thata tse ka kopanang ka thata le lisebelisoa tse ling. Kamora ho sila ha pele, lits'ebetso tse latelang tsa ho hlophisa le ho hlahloba, tse sebelisang li-sefe tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata ea meshes e fapaneng, li arola li-granule tsa rabara ka mefuta e fapaneng ea boholo ho ikamahanya hantle le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebeliso - mohlala, li-granule tse ntle tsa rabara tse nang le boholo ba likaroloana tse ka tlase ho 1mm li loketse phetoho ea asphalt, li-granule tse mahareng tsa 1-3mm li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tlatsa joang ba maiketsetso, 'me li-granule tse mahoashe tse ka holimo ho 3mm li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tlatsa motheo oa tsela le likarolo tsa ho monya shock. Ho phaella moo, mahlale a phetoho ya dikhemikhale a kang ho kenya tshebetsong hodima metsi le ho kenya dikhemikhale a ntlafatsa ho tsamaellana le matla a ho kopanya pakeng tsa di-granule tsa rabara le bitumen, thepa ya polymer, le di-substrate tse ding, a ntlafatsa tshebetso yohle ya thepa e kopaneng le ho atolosa meedi ya tshebediso ya di-granule tsa rabara.

Mmaraka oa li-granule tsa rabara lefatšeng ka bophara o ntse o hola ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng le o tsitsitseng, o susumetsoang ke matsete a ntseng a eketseha a kaho ea meralo ea motheo ea lefats'e, katoloso e tsoelang pele ea kaho ea libaka tsa lipapali le boithabiso, le khatello e ntseng e hola ea ho sebelisa hape lithaere tsa lithōle. Amerika Leboea le Europe li ntse li le mebaraka e meholo bakeng sa li-granule tsa rabara, ka lebaka la litsamaiso tsa tsona tsa ho sebelisa hape lithōle tse hōlileng tsebong, melaoana e thata ea tikoloho, le tlhoko e phahameng ea libaka tsa lipapali tsa boleng bo holimo. Libakeng tsena, ts'ebeliso ea li-granule tsa rabara kahong ea litsela le libakeng tsa lipapali tsa litsebi e lekantsoe haholo. Ho sa le joalo, sebaka sa Asia-Pacific se bontša kholo e matla le e potlakileng, e matlafalitsoeng ke ts'ebetso e potlakileng ea ho hola ha litoropo, kaho ea marang-rang a litsela tse kholo, le botumo bo ntseng bo eketseha ba mesebetsi ea lipapali linaheng tse ntseng li hlaha joalo ka Chaena, India le linaha tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela. Libapali tse kholo tsa 'maraka indastering ea li-granule tsa rabara lefatšeng ka bophara li shebane le boqapi ba theknoloji ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa le katleho ea tlhahiso, hammoho le katoloso ea bokhoni ho fihlela tlhoko e ntseng e hola ea' maraka. Tšebelisano-'moho ea indasteri le eona e fetohile mokhoa oa bohlokoa - bafepedi ba thepa e tala, likhoebo tsa tlhahiso, le lik'hamphani tsa kopo tse tlase ba matlafatsa tšebelisano-'moho ho ntlafatsa ketane ea phepelo, ho sebetsana le phapang ea thepa e tala ea lithōle tsa lithōle, le ho khothaletsa hammoho ho lekana le ntlafatso ea indasteri ea li-granule tsa rabara.

Ho sa tsotellehe lits'ebetso tsa tsona tse pharaletseng le bokhoni bo boholo ba 'maraka, li-granule tsa rabara li ntse li tobane le liphephetso tse itseng le litšitiso ts'ebetsong ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri. E 'ngoe ea liphephetso tsa bohlokoa ke taolo ea monko nakong ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebeliso. Nakong ea tlhahiso ea li-granule tsa rabara, haholo-holo lits'ebetso tsa ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng, le ha li sebelisoa libakeng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng joalo ka libaka tsa litsela tsa lehlabula kapa libaka tsa lipapali tse koetsoeng, li-granule tsa rabara li ka lokolla metsoako e fetohang ea tlhaho, e leng se fellang ka monko o sa thabiseng o amang boiphihlelo ba mosebelisi. Phephetso e 'ngoe e kholo ke ntlafatso ea tekanyo mefuteng e fapaneng. Tekanyo e ntle ea li-granule tsa rabara e fapana haholo ho latela boemo ba ts'ebeliso - mohlala, tekanyo ea phetoho ea asphalt e fapane le ea ho tlatsa joang ba maiketsetso, 'me tekanyo e feteletseng kapa e sa lekaneng e ka ama ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa tsa ho qetela ka botebo, joalo ka ho fokotsa matla a tsela kapa ho fokotsa phello ea ho monya ha tšisinyeho. Sena se hloka lipatlisiso tse tebileng tse tsoelang pele le palo e kholo ea netefatso ea liteko ho fumana litekanyo tse nepahetseng tse nepahetseng bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso. Ho feta moo, ho theoa ha maemo a kopaneng le a nang le matla a indasteri le mekhoa ea liteko e ntse e le mosebetsi o potlakileng lefatšeng ka bophara.